I'm so stuck on these questions. ? ?

1.  Carolus had expanded and developed a classification system of all species and types of organisms that were known in the 18th century. " A French naturalist names Lamarck" suggested that all the known organisms evolved toward perfection and complexity.
 
2. Lyell inferred the same changes happened in the past. Uniformitarianism merges and combined Hutton's ideas of gradual with Lyell's ideas and observations that changes a constant rate.

3. Gradualism is a theory or view of speciation that proceeds small, cumulative steps when time goes on rather than by major changes or others.

4. That's because evolution happens and develop hat changes the environment to the driving force of evolution. If the environment was fixed, the same biological that work today would continue to work to tomorrow and the continuing days.

It should be cryosphere and hydrosphere