When an adp molecule gains a phosphate, it becomes an atp molecule. this process is called
dephosphorylation
phosphorylation
oxidation
diffusion

The right answer is phosphorylation .

In molecular biology, oxidative phosphorylation is the process that allows the phosphorylation of ADP into ATP by the energy released by the oxidation of electron donors by the respiratory chain. This process is common to almost all aerobic organisms despite the fact that they feed on a wide variety of different nutrients that are oxidized through very diverse metabolic pathways.

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