Which reason most likely explains why some species survive mass extinctions on earth? a a broad range of species existed b dominant species mutated very slowly c several species filled the identical niche d a powerful species had a wide variety of characteristics

the element that provides strength to the exoskeletons of clams and oysters is phosphorus.

this is so because calcium carbonate is the main component in the shells. calcium carbonate is strengthened by phosphorus.

explanation:

enhanced global partnerships and exploration capabilities may advance international preparedness for protecting the earth from catastrophic events such as some asteroid strikes, advancing collaborative research on space weather and protecting spacecraft by developing new means for space debris removal.