Acertain segment of dna can be used as a molecular clock. its rate of mutation is one mutation per 15 million years. examine the dna segments from two different species: species a: gttgagctagtatggacc species b: gataagctagtaaggtca using this example, explain how this information can be used to determine how long ago these two species shared a common ancestor. be sure to answer this question in paragraph form using complete sentences.

Species A: GTTGAGCTAGTATGGACC

Species B: GATAAGCTAGTAAGGTCA

These species differ in 5 nucleotides.

This number should be multiplied by the rate of mutations; that is;

5 × 15 million years =75 million years.

hydroxyl -oh

alcohols, always polar, can form hydrogen bonds with h2o molecules

carboxyl -cooh  

cargoxylic acids, has acidic properties which is a source of hydrogen ions, found in cells in ionized for with a charge of oh-1

carbonyl > co

ketone if within skeleton, aldehyde if group is at the end of skeleton, k & a may be structural isomers, it determines 2 sugars (ketose & aldose)

amino -nh2

amines, acts as a base, it can pick up h+ ions from surrounding solution, ionized with charge of 1+

methyl ch2

addition to rna/dna affects and gene expression

phosphate -opo3 ²⁻

organic phosphates, contributes to negative charge to, molecule that it is a part of, and potential to react with h20

sulfhydryl -sh

thiols, cross-linking stabilize the protein, and it is structure

i was thinking 4.0 v hope this