Explain why scientists believe the abert’s and kaibab squirrels are examples of speciation.

Answer and explanation;

-The Kaibab Squirrel gives us one nice example of evolution occurring due to geographic isolation.

-About 10,000 years ago when the last ice age ended, physical formations in the canyon changed in a way that blocked the squirrels access to the Colorado River. The canyon became a geographic barrier separating the forests and squirrels on each rim. One population of squirrels had become two separate populations that could no longer interbreed, the kaibab squirrels. Abert’s squirrels are a North American species, found across a range of locations. Kaibab squirrels are a subspecies of Abert’s squirrels, found only in one area in the United States.

-Both the Kaibab squirrel and the Abert’s squirrel live in the ponderosa pine forests, where they build their nests out of twigs and pine needles. They eat acorns, fruit, and fungi, as well as the seeds, bark, and twigs of the trees where they make their home. The Kaibab squirrel's most significant source of food is the seeds found within ponderosa pine cones.

regulation of gene expression. gene expression can be regulated by various cellular processes with the aim to control the amount and nature of the expressed genes. these regulatory proteins bind to dna and send signals that indirectly control the rate of gene expression

explanation:

step 1: initiation

initiation is the beginning of transcription. it occurs when the enzyme rna polymerase binds to a region of a gene called the promoter. this signals the dna to unwind so the enzyme can ‘‘read’’ the bases in one of the dna strands. the enzyme is now ready to make a strand of mrna with a complementary sequence of bases.

step 2: elongation

elongation is the addition of nucleotides to the mrna strand. rna polymerase reads the unwound dna strand and builds the mrna molecule, using complementary base pairs. there is a brief time during this process when the newly formed rna is bound to the unwound dna. during this process, an adenine (a) in the dna binds to an uracil (u) in the rna.

step 3: termination

termination is the ending of transcription, and occurs when rna polymerase crosses a stop (termination) sequence in the gene. the mrna strand is complete, and it detaches from dna.