Giraffes use their extremely long necks to reach the leaves high up on acacia trees, which other animals cannot reach, giving them a food source for which they have few competitors. what can you conclude about natural selection from this observation?

a. giraffe necks get longer over a lifetime of stretching, and their offspring inherit the longer necks of their parents.
b. all giraffes are born with short necks and, eating acacia leaves causes them to stretch over a lifetime.
c. other animals will mimic the giraffe and grow longer necks.
d. the giraffes with the longest necks survive and produce offspring.

d. The giraffes with the longest necks survive and produce offspring.

Natural selection can be defined as a differential survival and reproduction. In this the organism having a favorable phenotypic advantage has better chances of survival and reproduction as compared to the other. The given situation is an example of natural selection. The long neck of giraffes is a phenotypic advantage that helps in deriving food as compared to it's competing herbivorous species. Thus, giving them a chance to survive and produce offsprings.  

sheep is a herbivore animal whereas grasshopper belongs to the class chordates but both of them feed on greens.  

if grasshopper and sheep feeding on a pasture land, i do not think both of them will have any impact on each other. however, the number of the species can make difference. since sheep feed on greens, there is a possibility there left no pasture land for the grasshoppers or they may get extinct.

silty loam

hope this