Where do electrons get their energy in the light reactions?

a. from adp and atp
b. from nad and nadph
c. from glucose in the calvin cycle
d. from photons in solar energy

Actinobacteria sp. are fermenting organisms (which do you use oxygen to breathe) referred to as chemoorganohetereotrophs this means they break down organic material and convert it to inorganic material. which part of the carbon cycle does this describe

When listening the levels of orginization in orginisims from the smallest to most complex , which level is just below organs in complexity

What would be he the strand of complementary dna produced be the strand of dna shown below> tcg aag