Biology !
which of the following best describes how atp synthase is used in the inner membrane of the mitochondrion during the process of chemiosmosis?

a. it uses the energy of a proton concentration gradient to form atp from adp.
b. it generates atp from adp by absorbing energy released by the calvin cycle.
c. it breaks atp down into adp and releases energy that can be used to do work.
d. it converts atp to atp by removing an inorganic phosphate group into the cytosol.

Mike was adopted, and his biological family history is unknown. although he is healthy, he would like some understanding of his genetic makeup, including potential health risks and genes that he could pass on to his children. mike has heard about commercial laboratories that can compare segments of your dna to those of people with common hereditary diseases in order to give you some idea of how susceptible you are to the diseases. the results of these types of tests are highly inconclusive. if mike's dna showed that he shares similarities in a segment of dna with people who have a given disease, his chances of developing that disease or passing it on to his children may be slightly elevated, but they are not 100 percent. these tests can cost more than $2,500 and are not covered by many insurance companies. do you think that mike should undergo the genetic tests? explain your answer. what are the potential pros and cons of having such tests done? describe how the availability of these genetic tests might affect the frequency of genetic diseases in individuals and populations.

How does buring fossil fuels impact does carbon cycle? what large impact does this have on the envirnment?

In the diagram below, the northern hemisphere would be in what season at position a a. fall b. winter c. summer d. spring