A. Describe the difference between gradualism and punctuated equilibrium.
B. Describe the conditions under which new species may arise.
C. Explain the difference between allopatric and sympatric speciation.
D. Describe the role of prezygotic and postzygotic barriers in the process of speciation.

A. Both theories describe the rates of speciation. For Gradualism, changes in species is slow and gradual, occurring in small periodic changes in the gene pool, whereas for Punctuated Equilibrium, evolution occurs in spurts of relatively rapid change with long periods of non-change.

B. New species arise through a process called speciation. In speciation, an ancestral species splits into two or more descendant species that are genetically different from one another and can no longer interbreed.

C. Allopatric speciation occurs when two species are living in separate environments and therefore there is no gene flow between the populations. ... Sympatric speciation occurs when two species are living in the same environment.

D. Reproductive isolation is a mechanism that keeps species from mating with others. Prezygotic isolation prevents the fertilization of eggs while postzygotic isolation prevents the formation of fertile offspring. ... Postzygotic mechanisms include hybrid inviability, hybrid sterility and hybrid "breakdown."

protein makes up the building blocks of organs, muscles, skin, hormones and pretty much everything that matters in your body.

some choices are:

peanut butter

seeds

eggs

yogurt

meats

fish

so pretty much meat, dairy, nuts, and grains.

1. amino acid refers to the fundamental building block of proteins, comprising of an amino group and a carboxyl group.

2. catalyst refers to any substance, which increases the rate of chemical reaction without being used up in the reaction.

3. a complex molecule containing he genetic code is dna or deoxyribonucleic acid.

4. an enzyme refers to a molecule of protein, which is unique in accelerating up a particular chemical reaction in the biological systems.

5. nucleic acid refers to an sequence of sugars, phosphates, and nitrogenous bases, for example, dna and rna.

6. a protein refers to a large, composite organic molecule comprising of a huge number of amino acids associated together with the of peptide bonds.

7. rna refers to a nucleic acid that takes part in the production of proteins.

8. substrate refers to a compound, which takes part in a chemical reaction, and is chemically modified by the reaction.