What role does reproduction play in both natural and artificial
selection?

It allow organisms to pass down their traits to the next generation.

Explanation:

Reproduction can be defined as a biological process which typically involves living organisms producing an offspring.

Basically, there are two (2) methods of reproduction and these are;

I. Sexual reproduction: it involves the combination of the genome (gamete) of a male and female living organism during fertilization.

II. Asexual reproduction: it involves the cloning of a living organism to produce an offspring because there is only a single parent.

Natural selection can be defined as a biological process in which species of living organisms having certain traits that enable them to adapt to environmental factors such as predators, competition for food, climate change, sex mates, etc., tend to survive and reproduce, as well as passing on their genes to subsequent generations.

Simply stated, natural selection entails the survival of the fittest.

Artificial selection is also known as selective breeding and it is a process that involves humans (breeders) selecting the animal or plant with desirable traits in order to reproduce favorable offspring having phenotypic traits.

Hence, the role which reproduction play in both natural and artificial selection is that it allow organisms to pass down their traits to the next generation.

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