Why is glycolysis considered to be one of the first metabolic pathways to have evolved? ; a) it produces much less atp than does oxidative phosphorylation.; b) it does not involve organelles or specialized structures, does not require oxygen, and is present in most organisms.; c) it is found in prokaryotic cells but not in eukaryotic cells.; d) it relies on chemiosmosis, which is a metabolic mechanism present only in the first cells' prokaryotic cells.; e) it requires the presence of membrane-enclosed cell organelles found only in eukaryotic cells.