The earliest classification systems grouped organisms based on have focused on
to better understand evolutionary ancestry
Since then, newer classification systems

On the basis of physical traits.

Explanation:

Newer classification systems classify organisms on the basis of physical traits of an organism. All modern classification systems gets their concept and help from Linnaean classification system. In these new classification systems, those organisms that have similar characteristics are placed in one group because they evolve from the same ancestor or having common ancestry. These changes occurs in the organisms with the passage of time that helps organisms to survive in that environment.

the two answers are a, the population of birds with large beaks will increase on the island, and c, the trait for large beaks will be passed on to future generations through natural selection. the reason for that is because if the birds that have beaks developed for eating small seeds lose all of their food, they will go hungry and eventually starve because they physically cannot eat the large seeds, therefore making the population of large beaked birds higher. also, if the trait of large beaks are dominant on the island over small beaks, then over time the large beaked birds will reproduce more and more, while the smaller beaked birds will reproduce less and less because they can't survive with the food provided. that leads to the trait of small beaks disappearing and the trait of large beaks taking over the island.