A current challenge for doctors involves the bacterial strain Clostridioides difficile, which no longer responds to traditional antibiotic treatments. Which of the following best explains why this particular strain of bacteria is resistant to antibiotic treatment?

A. Mutations creating new alleles occur more frequently in this species of bacteria than in other species.

B. Crossing over during meiosis increased genetic variability in the bacteria.

C. The bacteria have high genetic variability and high reproductive rates.

D. The bacteria are able to recognize and destroy the antibiotics by breaking them down extracellularly.

Which of the following initial observations would more directly lead to this research study? a) ginko biloba is cost effective and also possesses heart-protective, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory properties. b) metformin is an effective treatment of patients with t2d, but shows side effects that complicate the disease state. c) over the past several years, the cost of treating t2d within the united states has increased dramatically. d) many plants contain molecules that improve the health and quality of life of patients with a variety of diseases like t2d. e) t2d affects millions of individuals in the usa and worldwide many of who could benefit from improved therapies.