Which of the following invertebrates is most closely related to the vertebrates? Select all that apply. 1. echinoderms
2. cnidarians
3. arthropods
4. chordates

I would say chordates. (Not absolutely sure so double check)

Explanation:

Chordates have a dorsal nerve cord, which is super close to a spinal cord. (Which vertebrates have.)

try using substitution:

x + y - 6 = x - y. (i'm not giving you the exact answer). since 0 = x - y, then sub 0 in the equation with x - y. combine your like terms, and then use inverse operations, and you'll have your answer.

: -)

the dna molecules have a negative charge because of the phosphate groups in their sugar-phosphate backbone, so they start moving through the matrix of the gel towards the positive pole. power is turned on and dna fragments migrate through gel (towards the positive electrode).

explanation: