If one bacterial cell in a population has an allele that makes it resistant to ampicillin, does it have a higher level of fitness, or lower level of fitness, than the rest of the bacteria? Why?

Mouse liver cells were homogenized and the homogenate subjected to equilibrium density-gradient centrifugation with sucrose gradients. fractions obtained from these gradients were assayed for marker molecules (i. e., molecules that are limited to specific organelles). the results of these assays are shown in the figure. the marker molecules have the following functions: cytochrome oxidase is an enzyme involved in the process by which atp is formed in the complete aerobic degradation of glucose or fatty acids; ribosomal rna forms part of the protein-synthesizing ribosomes; catalase catalyzes decomposition of hydrogen peroxide; acid phosphatase hydrolysis monophosphoric esters at acid ph; cytidylyltransferase is involved in phospholipid biosynthesis; and amino acid permease aids in transport of amino acids across membranes. a) name the marker molecule and give the number of the fraction that is most enriched for each of the following cell components: lysosomes; peroxisomes; mitochondria; plasma membrane; rough endoplasmic reticulum; smooth endoplasmic reticulum.

Blood stem cells may develop into any kind of human blood cells. what kind of stem cells are blood stem cells? a. multipotent stem cells o b. totipotent stem cells o c. pluripotent stem cells o d. unipotent stem cells

Lupe is a carrier for color blindness. her husband clifford is colorblind. if lupe and clifford have four children, what's the probability of a boy being colorblind?