Mineral ions are required in the human diet in small quantities. State the mineral ion required for each process: a) making bone b) making haemoglobin

a) making bone - Calcium

b) making hemoglobin - Iron

Explanation:

Mineral ions are defined as the charged forms of minerals which are required in small amount in human body but are essential otherwise leads to deficiency symptoms.

Making bone and making hemoglobin both require mineral ion. Making bone require calcium ion, as it maintain the bone mass and strengthen the bones. hemoglobin formation require iron ion, as iron helps to oxygenate our blood cells.

Hence, the correct answer is "a) making bone - Calcium

b) making hemoglobin - Iron".

c. earths continental crust is thicker than its lithosphere.

because, the lithosphere is the outermost layer of the earth/ 100 km thick and is defined by its machanical properties.the lithosphere contains oceanic and continental crust that varies in age and thickness across locations and geologic time. the lithosphere is the coolest layer of the earth in terms of temperature. the term lithosphere should not be confused with the use of "geosphere" which is used to indicate all of earth systems, including the atmosphere, hydrosphere   and biosphere. the surface of the earth can be divided into the continental crust and the oceanic crust.   the continental crust is made mostly of granite while the oceanic crust is made of basalt. the average thickness of the continental crust is 25 miles and the average thickness of the oceanic crust is 5 miles.   three types of rock, igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic, make up the surface of the earth. that's why 3 option is preferable.