Explain why the lining of the uterus thickens and develops blood vessels between day 5 and day 14 in the menstrual cycle.

The endometrium is the mucous layer that lines the uterus internally. Its function is to thicken during the menstrual cycle to allow the embryo to implant and a pregnancy can take place.Two phases of the endometrial cycle are distinguished: the proliferative phase and the secretory phase. The proliferative endometrium occurs due to tissue regeneration on the first day of the menstrual cycle, where, thanks to the production of estrogen in the ovary, cell multiplication occurs, giving rise to the endometrial glands and more blood vessels.

Explanation:

The first phase, known as the follicular phase, begins on the first day of menstrual bleeding and lasts for about two weeks. During this period, one of the ovules - which are the female reproductive cells - grows and matures within an ovary. At the same time, the ovaries produce hormones that promote the development of the lining of the uterus, called the endometrium. The lining of the uterus, the endometrium, thickens in response to estrogen stimulation, that is, over the days, the endometrium becomes thicker and rich in blood vessels, preparing to receive the egg the moment it is expelled from the ovary. When the ovum matures, around day 14 of the cycle, it separates from the ovary - the ovulation process - and slides down the fallopian tube to the uterus.

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