As pictured above, a sugar cube is dropped into a beaker of water. What cell transport process is represented by this image and how are the particles moving ? Facilitated Diffusion: low to high concentration
Passive Transport: moving equally to uniform concentration
Diffusion: high to low concentration
Active transport: low to high concentration

c. earths continental crust is thicker than its lithosphere.

because, the lithosphere is the outermost layer of the earth/ 100 km thick and is defined by its machanical properties.the lithosphere contains oceanic and continental crust that varies in age and thickness across locations and geologic time. the lithosphere is the coolest layer of the earth in terms of temperature. the term lithosphere should not be confused with the use of "geosphere" which is used to indicate all of earth systems, including the atmosphere, hydrosphere   and biosphere. the surface of the earth can be divided into the continental crust and the oceanic crust.   the continental crust is made mostly of granite while the oceanic crust is made of basalt. the average thickness of the continental crust is 25 miles and the average thickness of the oceanic crust is 5 miles.   three types of rock, igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic, make up the surface of the earth. that's why 3 option is preferable.

d. groundwater flows through the subsoil and deposits minerals.

i think this picture will you.

carbon traps heat so more of it makes it hotter causing global warming. during the ice age carbon levels in the atmosphere were low so it got very cold. so the common things between them is carbon levels in the atmosphere.