Suppose a cell has transport proteins allowing the facilitated diffusion (not cotransport) of glucose. Suppose that the concentration of glucose is much higher outside the cell than inside, but the total concentration of all solutes combined is higher inside the cell than outside. Which direction will the glucose tend to go through the transport proteins

It's either -limiting factors or -scarce resources but i'd go with my first answer since the food and water are abundant they really aren't scarce

By water evaporation from the leaves is created a negative pressure at the top of the tree that promotes the ascension  of the water through channels that are called xylem. there are also two molecule forces that are involved: the intra-water molecules cohesion (water molecules stick to each other) and the adhesion when the water molecules stick to the channels they are running in. this is what enables water to go from the roots to the top of a tall tree.

Although i don't know what is the simulated system, starfish are predators that eat mostly  microalgae,  snails, sponges, bivalves, mussels and other small marine animals. removing starfish from any system would definitely increase this animals that they prey.