You have been asked to design a drug to inhibit BCR-ABL in an effort to treat CML. Using your knowledge of enzyme-catalyzed reactions and the BCR-ABL kinase, propose a drug development strategy to combat CML. (Regular Abl protein is regulated by other molecules. BRC-ABL has mutant kinase that leads to cancer.)

by designing a drug with steric effects on BCR-ABL1

Explanation:

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML)  is a type of cancer that affects the bone marrow and blood cells. CML is characterized by the formation of the Philadelphia chromosome, a product of a reciprocal translocation between chromosomes 9 and 22. As a consequence of this translocation, an oncoprotein tyrosine kinase called BCR-ABL1 is formed. This protein (BCR-ABL1) is responsible for 95% of all CMLs. In this case, it is possible to inhibit BCR-ABL1 (and thus inhibit CML cell proliferation) by using a kinase inhibitor. Kinase inhibitors are drugs that inhibit kinase function by preferentially binding to the inactive conformation of the target enzyme. These proteins are used to treat cancer by blocking a functional site on the kinase, thereby inhibiting its function. Moreover, it is known that steric effects alter the mode and rate by which a drug interacts with a given target. In this case, a small molecule with steric effects on BCR-ABL1, i.e., capable of altering the shape (conformation) and reactivity of BCR-ABL1, might also be used to selectively inhibit BCR-ABL1.

the areas around the equator

answer:

the water molecules are transferred from the roots to the stem or top parts of the tall tree because of important properties of water which are adhesion, cohesion and capillary action. cohesion is the property of water molecules keeps water molecules in a combined state by sharing of bonds between them at the atomic level. adhesion allows the interaction of water molecules with other substances or substrate. adhesion will cause the attachment of water molecules to the wall of the vessel (xylem) of the plant. capillary action occurs when the adhesive force to the vessel wall is stronger than the cohesive force between water molecules. capillary action mimics the transfer of water from a tube or pipe. in this way water utilizes its property to transfer water from down to top level of the plant.