A species of elm has winged-seeds. How would biologists explain how a species of elm with winged-seeds evolved from an ancestral elm species without winged-seeds

In an ancestral elm species, mutations gave rise to the phenotypic trait "winged-seeds". Subsequently, selection favored elm plants with winged-seeds that diverged over time to become a separate species

Explanation:

A mutation is a genetic change in the DNA sequence. In general, mutations have a negative impact on the fitness of the individual (i.e., mutations are generally deleterious) and therefore they disappear from the population. However, there are situations where mutations are beneficial and confer an adaptive advantage, thereby increasing their frequency in the population. In this case, mutations associated with the formation of winged-seeds conferred an adaptive advantage (i.e., higher seed dispersal capacity) to individuals who had this phenotypic trait, thereby these individuals had more chances to reproduce and pass their genes to the next generation. Eventually, Elm plants with winged-seeds accumulated sufficient genetic differences to prevent interbreeding, leading to the formation of a separate species.

the organisms are not adapted to live in some communities or habitats.

when you breathe in, or inhale, your diaphragm contracts (tightens) and moves downward. this increases the space in your chest cavity, into which your lungs expand. the intercostal muscles between your ribs also enlarge the chest cavity. they contract to pull your rib cage both upward and outward when you inhale.