Which sequence best describes apoptosis at the G1 checkpoint?

The correct answer is "Cdk/cyclin complex is inhibited→ p53 levels rise → p21 production increase".

Explanation:

The missing options of this question are:

A. p53 levels rise → p21 production increase → Cdk/cyclin complex is inhibited

B. p21 production increase → Cdk/cyclin complex is inhibited→ p53 levels rise

C. Cdk/cyclin complex is inhibited→ p21 production increase → p53 levels rise

D. Cdk/cyclin complex is inhibited→ p53 levels rise → p21 production increase

E. p53 levels rise → Cdk/cyclin complex is inhibited→ p21 production increase

The correct answer is option D. "Cdk/cyclin complex is inhibited→ p53 levels rise → p21 production increase".

Apoptosis is a process at which the cells undergo a programmed death. This mechanisms happens at G1 checkpoint first by the inhibition of Cdk/cyclin complex which causes p53 levels to rise and later, an increment of p21 production. First, a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor regulates the inhibition of the Cdk/cyclin complex. This causes p53 levels to rise, since p53 is a direct downstream kinase substrate for CDK. Subsequently, p21 production increase as well since p21 is a inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases.

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explanation:

plate tectonics and volcanic euptions

over time, plate tectonic processes cause continents to move to different positions on the globe.

for example, britain was near to the equator 300 million years ago, and therefore was hotter than it is today. for further details look at our climate through time poster or online map.

the movement of the plates also causes volcanoes and mountains to form and these too can contribute to a change in climate.

mountain ranges formed by plate tectonics. large mountain chains can influence the circulation of air around the globe, and consequently influence the climate.   warm air might be deflected somewhere cooler by the mountains.

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