Sickle cell anemia is caused by a mutation that alters red blood cells. HELP ME PLZZ!!!

In Sickle Cell Anemia:

Mutation that occurs in DNA is due to the substitution of thymine base by adenine base. Change in mRNA consists of a change of the GAA codon to GUA, which codes for a different amino acid. The change that occurs in the synthesized protein is the substitution of glutamic acid by valine, the consequence of which is the structural alteration of this protein.

Explanation:

Sickle cell anemia is a disease that is transmitted from parent to child in an autosomal recessive inheritance pattern. It is due to a mutation that is capable of altering the shape of the erythrocyte, as well as its ability to circulate and carry oxygen.

First, a puntual genetic mutation occurs, where the sequence of DNA bases that determines the synthesis of the hemoglobin β-chain, by suffering the substitution of thymine by an adenine: CTT → CAT.The transcription of this altered sequence to mRNA results in the change of the GAA codon to GUA, which encodes a different amino acid.Once the β-chain is synthesized, in its structure there is a change in the amino acid sequence, due to the substitution of glutamic acid by valine.

The interaction of valine with the other amino acids of the protein promotes a structural change, responsible for the deformation of the red blood cell that characterizes sickle cell anemia.

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