What type of severe weather would most likely decrease coral reef biodiversity by damaging coral skeletons and polyps?

blizzard
hailstorm
lightning
typhoon

Charles darwin published his theory of evolution in 1859. in what way foes modern evolutionary theory differ from the theory as proposed by darwin? a) darwin inferred that individuals can evolve, but modern generic science has shown that this is not true. b)darwin inferred that individuals do not evolve, but modern genetic science has shown that this is not true. c)modern science has disproved most of darwin's original theory of evolution, because darwin knew nothing about generations and their role in heredity. d)generic studies have shown that gene expression and other factors operate along with natural selection, but most of darwin's theory has been supported by modern science.

The concept of keystone species is controversial among ecologists because most organisms are highly interdependent. if each of the trophic levels is dependant on all others how can we say one is most important

What molecules will be best used to compare different species with the exact same sequence of amino acids? why would two species have the same protein even if the molecules in question is different? (hint: transcription to translation to protein).