Human activity that degrade ecosystem result in a diversity of the living and non living environment. Two ways in which humans frequently harm ecosystems and affects other organisms Is through land use and the pollution

many other transport proteins, often called pumps, move materials against a concentration gradient. active transport drives molecules across a membrane from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration. this process, shown in figure 5.1, uses transport proteins powered by chemi- cal energy.

a) carbon, hydrogen

b) carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen

c) carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus

d) sugar

e) amino acid

f) nucleotide

the answer u all are looking for is 4000000000000000000000 million years.