Which statement describes competition in an environment? Organisms share a place to sleep. A living thing consumes berries on a tree. Sunlight shines only three months out of the year. A stream supplies an abundance of water in a forest.

Indicate the coat color and the proportion of offspring with that color for each of the following crosses of rabbits. assume all are homozygous. chinchilla x chinchilla 1/2 agouti, 1/2 chinchilla 3/4 agouti, 1/4 chinchilla all chinchilla

The kidney filters potentially toxic substances in the blood, and thus “clears” the blood of those substances. this clearance function is dependent upon and proportional to the diffusion gradient of the substance across filtering capillaries, i. e. if the concentration of the substance is doubled, twice as much will be cleared from each ml of blood that is filtered. suppose that the body produces a constant amount of a substance x per unit of time. the kidneys eliminate substance x at a rate directly proportional to the concentration of the substance and the volume of blood cleared each minute (c): elimination = c × [x], where [x] is the steady-state concentration of substance x. imagine an individual with an initial concentration of x equal to [x]0 who develops kidney disease. her baseline clearance c0 drops to one half of the original (½c0). what is the new steady state concentration of x? (for simplicity, assume that substance x is 100% filtered by the kidney).

Nephrons, the functional unit of kidneys, are responsible for formation of urine. the sentences describe situations that are the result of problems in the urine formation process. for the nephron shown below, match each situation to the step in the urine formation process where the problem lies.