Synthesis of ATP by oxidative phosphorylation is a seriously endergonic reaction. What is the immediate reservoir of stored energy that drives this process? a. the electron transport chain
b. oxygen
c. proton gradient or energized membrane
d. NADH+ H and FADH2
e. glucose

The correct answer is - option C. proton gradient or energized membrane.

Explanation:

The transport chain reaction or system produces the ATP which is caused by the movement of the proton through the internal membrane from the matrix to intermembrane space by the protein complex.

This makes a concentration gradient of protons that moves through the membrane of mitochondria which is utilized by the enzyme known as ATP synthase to produces ATP molecules by oxidative phosphorylation.

answer:   option a) glucagon was secreted by his pancreas before he ate the cookies because blood glucose was low. insulin was secreted after he ate the cookies because his blood glucose was high.

explanation:

i'm thinking (a) to keep sand in place; ////////////

explanation: a sand fence or sandbreak, like a snow fence, is used to force windblown, drifting sand to accumulate in a desired place. sand fences are employed to control erosion, sand dune stabilization, keep sand off roadways, and to recruit new material in desert areas.