Which process is being shown at label C?

Which of these serves as a reference for comparison during a scientific investigation? a)outcome variable (dependent variable) b) test variable (independent variable) c)control group d)hypothesis

Which statement correctly describes a way that mutations increase the likelihood that a species will survive in a changing environment

1. in the wild, male house finches (carpodus mexicanus) vary considerably in the amount of red pigmentation in their head and throat feathers, with colors ranging from pale yellow to bright red. these colors come from carotenoid pigments that are found in the birds' diets; no vertebrates are known to synthesize carotenoid pigments. thus, the brighter red the male's feathers are, the more successful he has been at acquiring the red carotenoid pigment by his food-gathering efforts (all other factors being equal). during breeding season, one should expect female house finches to prefer to mate with males with the brightest red feathers. which of the following is true of this situation? a. alleles that promote more efficient acquisition of carotenoid-containing foods by males should increase over the course of generations. b. alleles that promote more effective deposition of carotenoid pigments in the feathers of males should increase over the course of generations. c. there should be directional selection for bright red feathers in males. d. three of the statements are correct. e) two of the statements are correct.