Describe two central reflexes triggered by stimulation of the stretch receptors in the stomach wall. (Module 22.15B) Describe two central reflexes triggered by stimulation of the stretch receptors in the stomach wall. (Module 22.15B) The gastric reflex opens the cardiac sphincter and the enteric reflex opens the pyloric sphincter. The enterogastric reflex closes the pyloric sphincter and the gastroenteric reflex stimulates motility and secretion in the small intestine. The cephalic reflex opens the esophagus during swallowing and the gastric reflex opens the cardiac sphincter. The gastroileal reflex opens the ileocecal valve and the colonic reflex closes the ileocecal valve. The gastroenteric reflex stimulates motility and secretion in the small intestine and the gastroileal reflex opens the ileocecal valve.

The gastroenteric reflex stimulates motility and secretion in the small intestine and the gastroileal reflex opens the ileocecal valve.

Explanation:

The gastroenteric reflex is triggered by stomach distension which increases the glandular secretion and peristaltic activity in the duodenum and the small intestine. This reflex is mediated by the activation of baroreceptors in the stomach in order to increase motility and secretion along the small intestine. Moreover, the gastroileal reflex is an extrinsic reflex that acts together with the gastrocolic reflex to stimulate the process of defecation. This reflex is caused by the increase in levels of gastrin hormone, which in turn is caused by the entry of food into the stomach. The gastroileal reflex induces peristaltic activity in the final section of the small intestine (i.e., ileum) and the opening of the ileocecal valve.

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