1st template:
Original DNA: ATG AAC CAT TCA GTA TGG
Complimentary DNA: TAC TTG GCA AGT CAT ACC
mRNA molecule: AUG AAC CGU UCA GUA UGG
AMINO ACID: Methionine (Start) - Aspargine (Asn) - Arginine (Arg) - Serine (Ser)- Valine (Val) - Tryprophan (STOP)
2nd template:
Original DNA: ATG GGT CTA GCG AAA GAT
Complimentary DNA: TAC CCA GAT CGC TTT CTA
mRNA molecule: AUG GGU CUA GCG AAA GAU
AMINO ACID: Methionine (Start) - Glycine (Gly) - Leucine (Leu) - Alanine (Ala) - Lysine (Lys) - Apspartic Acid (Asp)
Explanation:
When you are forming the DNA complimentary strand you need to remember that they come in base pairs, and each base pairs up with a specific base. In the case of DNA the base pairs are the following:
A - T ; T - A
C - G; G - C
So:
For every A, its complimentary is T. For every T, it's complimentary is A.
For every C, it's complimentary is G. For every G, it's complimentary is C.
So in the case of your 1st DNA template:
Original DNA: ATG AAC CAT TCA GTA TGG
Complimentary DNA: TAC TTG GCA AGT CAT ACC
During transcription however, mRNA is formed. RNA does not have thymine (T), but Uracil (U) instead. So the base pairs would be different in the case of Adenine(A), thymine and Uracil.
A - U; T - A
C - G; G -C
So:
For every A, it's complimentary is U. For every T, it's complimentary is A.
For every C, it's complimentary is G. For every G, it's complimentary is C.
Going back to your 1st DNA template:
Original DNA: ATG AAC CAT TCA GTA TGG
Complimentary DNA: TAC TTG GCA AGT CAT ACC
mRNA molecule: AUG AAC CGU UCA GUA UGG
Duing translation, tRNA brings the amino acids to the mRNA strand. There is a specific RNA codon sequence that codes for a specific AMINO ACID. These codons are 3 bases grouped together. You can use the table attached to see the amino acid each combination.
Amino acids are the building blocks of protein. The DNA templates determines the type of protein that will be made. The tRNA brings the amino acid to the mRNA template.
Then it drops the amino acid off, which will bond with the next amino acid coded to attach to it.
So if you take the first mRNA codon AUG, you can see in the table that it codes for Methionine, which is a start codon, meaning this is the start of a new protein. It will then attach to the next amino acid that codes for the next codon which is AAC that codes for Aspargin. They will continue until it reaches a STOP codon, which means it would be the end of that protein.
Again going back to the template:
mRNA AUG AAC CGU UCA GUA UGG
AMINOACID: Methionine (Start) - Aspargine (Asn) - Arginine (Arg) - Serine (Ser)- Valine (Val) - Tryprophan (STOP)
I hope this will help you to some degree.
