Hi! I am confused on how to do Q2. Anyone doing A-levels can solve that questions and explain? Thanks! <3

i) Glucose

ii) β(1-4) glycosidic bonds.

iii) Oxygen

Explanation:

Cellulose is an important structural carbohydrate found in plants. It forms a major component of the plant cell wall.

Cellulose is a polysaccharide formed by monomers of glucose.  These glucose monomers are joined together by covalent bonds called β(1-4) glycosidic bonds, which means that the 1st carbon of one glucose is bound to the 4th carbon of the next glucose. To make this arrangement,  every other glucose molecule in cellulose is inverted, which you can see in the diagram.

Glucose monomers contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only. If you look at the pattern of the molecule (remembering every second glucose is inverted), you can see that Z must be O.

The functional group denoted by Z is oxygen. The OH groups on the glucose from one cellulose chain form hydrogen bonds with oxygen atoms on the same or on another chain, holding the chains firmly together and forming very strong molecules - giving cellulose its strength.

try using substitution:

x + y - 6 = x - y. (i'm not giving you the exact answer). since 0 = x - y, then sub 0 in the equation with x - y. combine your like terms, and then use inverse operations, and you'll have your answer.

: -)

not necessarily. higher fitness requires the organism to be reproductive successful. for example, an organism at age 10 with 15 offspring is much more fit than an organism at age 15 with only 5 offspring.