A study was created to test the effects of jazz on people’s sleep patterns. The hypothesis of the experiment was that if people listened to jazz music as they fall asleep, they will sleep for longer periods of time. For the experiment, 2 groups of people were created. One group was placed in a quiet room where they went to sleep and they were timed on how long they slept. The other group was placed in a room where jazz music played softly as they began to sleep and played throughout the night. As each group awoke, their sleep times were monitored. Dependent Variable: Control Group:

Independent Variable: Experimental Group:

Dependent variable - sleep times

Independent variable - jazz music/silence

Control group - Group 1. The group that was kept in a silent room

Experimental group - Group 2. The group placed in a room with jazz music.

Explanation:

The dependent variable is the actual variable to be measured during an experiment. The value of the dependent variable is dependent on the independent variable supplied. In this case, the dependent variable is the duration of sleep of the different groups.

The independent variable is supplied by the experimenter and is often manipulated to see the effects it will produce on the dependent variable. In this case, the jazz music and the silence in the rooms respectively represent the independent variable.

The control group receives no treatment variable and represents the group that is often used as the benchmark to measure the effects of treatment variables on experimental subjects. In this case, the control group is the group that was placed in a room without jazz music.

The experimental group is the group that receives the treatment variable and in this case, the group that slept in the room filled with jazz music.

fertilization, pictured in figure 24.23a is the process in which gametes (an egg and sperm) fuse to form a zygote. the egg and sperm each contain one set of chromosomes. to ensure that the offspring has only one complete diploid set of chromosomes, only one sperm must fuse with one egg. in mammals, the egg is protected by a layer of extracellular matrix consisting mainly of glycoproteins called the zona pellucida. when a sperm binds to the zona pellucida, a series of biochemical events, called the acrosomal reactions, take place. in placental mammals, the acrosome contains digestive enzymes that initiate the degradation of the glycoprotein matrix protecting the egg and allowing the sperm plasma membrane to fuse with the egg plasma membrane, as illustrated in figure 24.23b. the fusion of these two membranes creates an opening through which the sperm nucleus is transferred into the ovum. the nuclear membranes of the egg and sperm break down and the two haploid genomes condense to form a diploid genome.

explanation:

climate change and pollution