In the Colorado mountains, three species of bumble bees live in the same habitat. Each species has a different proboscis length: short, medium, or long. Each visits nectar-producing plants that match its proboscis length. This situation suggests that natural selection in the three bumble bee species has resulted in

Bisphenol a (often called bpa) is a chemical found in products that people use every day, from water bottles to food containers to children's toys. unfortunately, bpa leaches out of its many products and makes its way into our bodies. what are the health effects of bpa exposure? ongoing research is finding that elevated exposure to bpa can affect a wide variety of developmental and physiological processes, but one of the first studies of bpa's health effects came about because of a simple mistake in the lab. at a laboratory at case western reserve university in 1998, geneticist patricia hunt was making a routine check of her female lab mice. as she extracted and examined developing eggs from the ovaries, she began to wonder what had gone wrong. she noticed that many of the eggs showed problems with their chromosomes, and some had irregular amounts of genetic material, which can lead to miscarriages and birth defects in mammals. she learned that a lab assistant had mistakenly washed the plastic mouse cages and water bottles with a harsh soap, releasing bpa from the plastic. knowing that bpa is an endocrine disruptor, a chemical that can enter organisms and mimic hormones, hunt set out to discover whether it had adversely affected her mice.

What is the next step in the process after a substrate enters the active site of an enzyme

Which term most precisely describes the cellular process of breaking down large molecules into smaller ones? a) catalysis b) metabolism c) anabolism d) dehydration e) catabolism