In each example, the blosphere is Interacting with another subsystem of Earth. Identify the other subsystem. Marine life adds
carbon dioxide to
ocean water during
respiration

Plants on land
release oxygen
during photosynthesis.

Bacteria living
underground convert
ammonia to nitrates.

The waste from
livestock adds
nitrogen to the soil.

The answers are:

Atmosphere: Plants on land  release oxygen  during photosynthesis.

Geosphere: Bacteria living  underground convert  ammonia to nitrates.   The waste from  livestock adds  nitrogen to the soil.

Hydrosphere: Marine life adds  carbon dioxide to  ocean water during  respiration

Explanation:

Living beings including animals, plants, and bacteria are part of the biosphere of Earth; additionally, these interact with other systems of Earth such as the atmosphere, geosphere,  or hydrosphere. In the case of the atmosphere, which refers to the gases above the surface of Earth, this has an interaction with living beings due to the exchange of gases between both systems. An example of this is plants because they take carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and release oxygen as part of photosynthesis.

On the other hand, the geosphere comprises soil, rocks, minerals, and in general, all that composes the solid non-living parts of Earth. Additionally, there is an interaction between the geosphere and biosphere can occur due to the exchange of substances as it occurs in the case of bacteria converting ammonia to nitrates or in the case of livestock releasing nitrogen.

Finally, the hydrosphere includes all bodies of water such as rivers, oceans, or lakes. Also, there is an interaction between this and living organisms through the exchange of substances, which includes marine life adding carbon dioxide to oceans.

an active site is a region that is present on an enzyme where the reactants or the substrate molecules we can say bind and experience a chemical reaction. the substrate is basically a reactant whose concentration is changing and that is converting into a product after binding at the active site of an enzyme

the answer to your question is:

c. complementary base-pairing