What is the relationship between the nucleotide sequence of a gene and the amino acid sequence of a protein? What is the relationship between the nucleotide sequence of a gene and the amino acid sequence of a protein? The nucleotide sequence of a gene is translated into an mRNA, which is then transcribed to produce a series of amino acids. The nucleotide sequence of a gene is read in sets of three nucleotides, and the gene is translated to specify each amino acid in a protein. The nucleotide sequence of a gene is transcribed into a nucleotide sequence of mRNA, which is read during translation in groups of three nucleotides that specify each amino acid. Each nucleotide in a gene specifies a different amino acid in the protein.