You discover a new organism while investigating a meteor that recently crashed. While observing it, you notice that it has a cell wall, and tests confirm it has DNA but you see no nucleus or centrioles. When it begins to multiply, you conclude that it is undergoing the process of: A. Mitosis B. Binary Division C. Cytokinesis D. Binary Fission

The correct answer is option D, that is, binary fission.

Explanation:

The organism mentioned in the given question is having a cell wall and DNA, however, no evidence of the nucleus is there, which signifies that the organism would be a prokaryotic species like an Archea or a bacteria. The characteristic of multiplication or proliferation showed by the organism is an essential feature of life.  

This characteristic of multiplication is termed as reproduction, and as the organism is a prokaryotic species like bacteria or archaea, the mode of reproduction witnessed would be the binary fission. The binary fission refers to an asexual mode of reproduction, in which the body of the organism gets separated into two novel bodies, and in the process, the DNA, that is, the genetic material gets duplicated.  

phylogenetic tree is the tree of life or evolution tree. it shows the different branches of evolution. the sequence goes like tissues - coelom - backbone - endoskeleton - segmentation