There are various levels of ecology that can be used to study organisms and their interactions with the environment. What type of ecologist would be likely to compare the numbers of Northern Sawwhet Owls that migrate through the Midwest as compared to the Northeast

The kidney filters potentially toxic substances in the blood, and thus “clears” the blood of those substances. this clearance function is dependent upon and proportional to the diffusion gradient of the substance across filtering capillaries, i. e. if the concentration of the substance is doubled, twice as much will be cleared from each ml of blood that is filtered. suppose that the body produces a constant amount of a substance x per unit of time. the kidneys eliminate substance x at a rate directly proportional to the concentration of the substance and the volume of blood cleared each minute (c): elimination = c × [x], where [x] is the steady-state concentration of substance x. imagine an individual with an initial concentration of x equal to [x]0 who develops kidney disease. her baseline clearance c0 drops to one half of the original (½c0). what is the new steady state concentration of x? (for simplicity, assume that substance x is 100% filtered by the kidney).

Anormal appearing couple is found to be heterozygous recessive for albinism both have the genotype aa the gene responsible for albinism is recessive to the normal pigment-producing gene what are the changes of their children being albino

How are fossils used to date organisms?