There are four steps in bacterial conjugation. The second step is missing in this list. 1. Special sex pilus connects two cells. 2. 3. Each cell makes a complementary DNA strand. 4. The cells separate. Which is the missing step for the process of conjugation described? Two new, identical cells are produced. The cell membrane elongates and pinches off. Some DNA moves from one cell to another. A DNA molecule attaches to the cell membrane.

Describe pasteur’s results and how they disprove spontaneous generation.

You have been asked to lead a demonstration for the undergraduate microbiology lab course about the uses of negative staining when studying bacteria. a "negative" stain does not stain the bacterial cell itself but stains the space between cells. under magnification, the acidic (negativelycharged) nature of the stain will be repelled by the negatively charged bacterial cell wall and willleave the cell colorless in a stained background. negative stains are used primarily to reveal the presence of negatively charged bacterial capsules; therefore, they are also called capsule stains. encapsulated cells appear to have a halo surrounding them. the negative stain procedure does not require heat fixation, which limits any chances of alteration in bacterial cell shape and size. the bacterial suspension is added to a drop of stain, such as nigrosin or eosin, and drawn across the glass slide using a coverslip. nigrosin staining-not safranin staining-of klebsiella pneumoniae will allow for the visualization of the cell shape and the determination of the presence of a capsule. true/false

Explain light independent reactions