The map shows the allele frequency of sickled hemoglobin and malaria endemicity in Africa. Which statement best explains the relationship between allele frequency and malaria endemicity in Africa?
When an area is malaria free, the allele frequency is between 0 and 2.02.
When an area is holoendemic, the allele frequency is between 0.52 and 4.04.
When an area is malaria free, the allele frequency is between 12.64 and 18.18.
When an area is holoendemic, the allele frequency is between 0 and 0.51.

step 1: initiation

initiation is the beginning of transcription. it occurs when the enzyme rna polymerase binds to a region of a gene called the promoter. this signals the dna to unwind so the enzyme can ‘‘read’’ the bases in one of the dna strands. the enzyme is now ready to make a strand of mrna with a complementary sequence of bases.

step 2: elongation

elongation is the addition of nucleotides to the mrna strand. rna polymerase reads the unwound dna strand and builds the mrna molecule, using complementary base pairs. there is a brief time during this process when the newly formed rna is bound to the unwound dna. during this process, an adenine (a) in the dna binds to an uracil (u) in the rna.

step 3: termination

termination is the ending of transcription, and occurs when rna polymerase crosses a stop (termination) sequence in the gene. the mrna strand is complete, and it detaches from dna.

kelp are large brown algae that live in cool, relatively shallow waters close to the shore. they grow in dense groupings much like a forest on land. these underwater towers of kelp provide food and shelter for thousands of fish, invertebrates, and marine mammal species.

e) all of the above

the answer is 95 degrees