Explain how the structure of carbohydrates are related to their function as storage molecules providing the fuel for cellular respiration in animals and plants.

hydra has two main body layers which make it diploblastic the layers are separated by mesoglea, a gel-like substance the outer layer is the epidermis, and the inner layer is called gastrodermis, because it lines the stomach the cells making up these two body layers are relatively simple .

each of the 46 original chromosomes splits into two daughter chromosomes, so there are two sets of 46 daughter chromosomes that end up in each cell. human cells have 46 chromosomes. each chromosome consists of a pair of identical chromatids attached together by a structure called a centromere.

phylogenetic tree is the tree of life or evolution tree. it shows the different branches of evolution. the sequence goes like tissues - coelom - backbone - endoskeleton - segmentation