Today, only about 25% of the Earth is still in its natural, unaltered state. The rest of the terrestrial biosphere consists of human-altered biomes, called anthropogenic biomes or anthromes. The map shows the five main anthromes in the western United States. Civil engineers have proposed incorporating greenspaces in urban areas and rooftop gardens on all new and existing buildings in residential areas to encourage growth of native species and restore some of the ecosystem services provided by the original ecosystem in the area. Which statements best describe the direct benefits of adding greenspaces and rooftop gardens in terms of reducing the negative impact of urbanization?
a
Overall biodiversity in the urban area will likely improve.
b
Human population growth will likely be reduced exponentially.
c
Runoff into nearby surface waters will likely decrease.
d
Increased photosynthesis will reduce carbon movement into the atmosphere.