The botulinum toxin (or Botox) is one of the most lethal toxin to humans with a killing dose of 1 ng/kg of bodyweight. In order to have a better understanding of the potential molecular mechanism, estimate how many molecules of Botox are necessary to kill a single human cell. You will, as usual, state your rationale and explain your calculations. You can use the internet to get access to useful numbers on the botulinum toxin.

The pea aphid, a type of insect, contains light-capturing pigments in its exoskeleton. pea aphids gained the ability to synthesize these pigments from genes transferred from fungi. while pea aphids do not have chloroplasts or fix carbon, researchers have found that pea aphids with more pigments have higher levels of atp than those with fewer pigments. pea aphids also have been shown to increase production of atp when exposed to sunlight. based on this information, is the pea aphid a true autotroph? a. yes, because the pea aphid can store energy from the sun in atp molecules. b. no, because the pea aphid is unable to use the energy from sunlight. c. yes, because the pea aphid does not need to use energy from food. d. no, because the pea aphid does not store energy from the sun as sugars.