Read following sentence from herman melville’s short story "bartleby, the scrivener".

and here bartleby makes his home, sole spectator of a solitude which he has seen all populous—a sort of innocent and transformed marius brooding among the ruins of carthage!
which literary device is employed?
a. allegory
b. irony
c. allusion
d. symbolism

The literary device which is employed is C. Allusion
In literature, Allusion is a figurative speech that is used to indirectly refers to a subject, an object, or a place. From the excerpt, we can see that the writer highlight the gloomy condition of Bartleby's house by referring it to Ruins of Carthage (an ancient abandoned harbor in Tunisia)

D. peatlands,grassland,swamps

Proteins are the workhorses of the cell, controlling virtually every reaction within as well as providing structure and serving as signals to other cells. proteins are long chains of  amino acids  , and the exact sequence of the amino acids determines the final structure and function of the protein. instructions for that sequence are encoded in  genes  . to make a particular protein, a messenger ribonucleic acid (mrna) copy is made from the gene (in the process called  transcription  ), and the mrna is transported to the  ribosome  . protein synthesis, also called  translation  , begins when the two ribosomal subunits link onto the mrna. this step, called initiation, is followed by elongation, in which successive amino acids are added to the growing chain, brought in by transfer rnas (trnas). in this step, the ribosome reads the  nucleotides  of mrna three by three, in units called  codons  , and matches each to three nucleotides on the trna, called the anticodon. finally, during termination, the ribosome unbinds from the mrna, and the  amino acid  chain goes on to be processed and folded to make the final, functional protein