Types of leaf modifications and examples of each

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Modification        Definition                                                  Example

1) Tendrils     The leaves are modified into slender wiry and

                     coiled structures called leaf tendrils

and support climbers to climb                                                    Pisum Sativum

2) Spines The leaves modified into a pointed

structure and usually protect them from herbivores.  Opuntia

3) PhyllodeIt is a green extended structure formed by the modification of petiole or rachis of leaf that carries out photosynthesis.  Acacia

4) Storage leavesLeaves become fleshy due to storage of water and food material.  Aloe

5) Cotyledons The mature embryo shows either one or two cotyledons.  Angiosperms and gymnosperms

6) Leaf bladdersSome of the leaves of aquatic plants modified into leaf bladders to trap small insects.  Utricularia

7) Leaf Pitcher Lamina of the whole leaf is modified into a lid known as a pitcher which traps insects to fulfil the need of nitrogen.  Nepenthes

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