In seed plants, what is an important difference between gymnosperms and most angiosperms?

a) gymnosperms rely on animals to carry pollen from the female gametophyte to the male gametophyte, while angiosperms rely on wind.

b) gymnosperms require water for sperm to travel from the male gametophyte to the female gametophyte, while angiosperms do not rely on water for fertilization.

c) in gymnosperms, male gametophytes and female gametophytes are produced in different structures, while in angiosperms they are usually produced in the same structure.

d) both gymnosperms and angiosperms produce seeds on the scales of cones, but angiosperms have flowers.

try using substitution:

x + y - 6 = x - y. (i'm not giving you the exact answer). since 0 = x - y, then sub 0 in the equation with x - y. combine your like terms, and then use inverse operations, and you'll have your answer.

: -)

step 1: initiation

initiation is the beginning of transcription. it occurs when the enzyme rna polymerase binds to a region of a gene called the promoter. this signals the dna to unwind so the enzyme can ‘‘read’’ the bases in one of the dna strands. the enzyme is now ready to make a strand of mrna with a complementary sequence of bases.

step 2: elongation

elongation is the addition of nucleotides to the mrna strand. rna polymerase reads the unwound dna strand and builds the mrna molecule, using complementary base pairs. there is a brief time during this process when the newly formed rna is bound to the unwound dna. during this process, an adenine (a) in the dna binds to an uracil (u) in the rna.

step 3: termination

termination is the ending of transcription, and occurs when rna polymerase crosses a stop (termination) sequence in the gene. the mrna strand is complete, and it detaches from dna.