Which characteristics is directly related to the coding of a single amino acid during the process of translation?

the three-base sequence of mRNA

Explanation:

Translation is the process of formation of proteins. Translation process is achieved with the help of ribosome, which links amino acids in the order defined by messenger RNA (mRNA), using RNA (tRNA) transfer molecules to hold amino acids and read three nucleotides at a time of the mRNA.

The three-base sequence are present in mRNA called codons or mRNA nucleotide triplet sequences are specific to a amino acids for proper function. For exmaple:  AUG codon , specifies the amino acid methionine which acts as starts codon and initiate the process of translation.

Hence, during translation, the characteristic that represents the three base sequences of mRNA is related to the coding of single amino acid.

the principles and empirical processes of discovery and demonstration considered characteristic of or necessary for scientific investigation, generally involving the observation of phenomena, the formulation of a hypothesis concerning the phenomena, experimentation to test the hypothesis, and development of a conclusion that confirms, rejects, or modifies the hypothesis.