A population of lizards lives in a marsh near the ocean. Members of this population have striped tails that can be yellow, orange, or red. Most members of the population have yellow striped tails. During a storm, four lizards get swept into the ocean on driftwood and end up on an island several miles away. All four of the lizards have orange striped tails. These lizards start a new population on the island, and all members of the new population have orange striped tails. In the example above, the new lizard population had less genetic variation than the original population because of .

The question is incomplete as it does not have the options which are:

A. Speciation

B. the founder effect

C. natural selection

D. gene flow

Founder effect

Explanation:

The founder effect is the phenomenon observed when the members of the population establish a new population.

This effect is observed due to the immigration and emigration of the individuals of the population.

In the given question, the four lizards swept away with the ocean and reached a new island. There they reproduced and flourished and by the time they formed the new population with orange stripes. This is the case of the genetic drift especially the founder effect in which the new alleles for the orange tail expressed.

Thus, the founder effect is the correct answer.

an individual’s sex (i.e., whether they are a male or female) is determined by the sex chromosomes. most people have two sex chromosomes, one that is inherited from their mother and one that is inherited from their father. typically, females have two x chromosomes (xx) and males have one x chromosome and one y chromosome (xy). conditions caused by changes (“mutations”) in genes located on the x chromosome are considered x-linked.

x-linked recessive inheritance

most x-linked conditions are recessive. this means that in a person with two x chromosomes (most females), both copies of a gene (i.e., one on each x chromosome) must have a change or mutation whereas in a person with one x chromosome (most males), only one copy of a gene must have a mutation. a female with a mutation in one copy of a gene on the x chromosome is said to be a “carrier” for an x-linked condition. a male with a mutation in a gene on the x chromosome is typically affected with the condition. because females have two copies of the x chromosome and males have only one x chromosome, x-linked recessive diseases are more common among males than females. however, x-linked recessive diseases can occur in both males and females.

for x-linked recessive disorders, an unaffected carrier mother who has a mutation in a gene on the x chromosome can transmit either the x chromosome with this mutation or a “normal” x chromosome to her children. if the father is unaffected, none of her daughters will be affected and all of her daughters will be unaffected—since they will inherit at least one normal x chromosome from their father. however, each daughter will have a 50% chance of being an unaffected carrier like her mother and a 50% chance of both x chromosomes being normal.