One phenotypic trait used for species identification and description is the analysis of the types and proportions of the fatty acids present in the cytoplasmic and outer membranes. The methodology employed is often nicknamed FAME. A. TrueB. False

 A. True

Explanation:

Fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) are a type of fatty acid ester derived from the transesterification of methanol fats.

Every microorganism has its own specific FAME profile (microbial fingerprints). Upon esterification of triglycerides, fatty acids and some other lipids of certain cultivated microbes, they are volatile enough to analyse with gas chromatography that is used to establish FAME profile. These profiles can be used as a method for microbial source tracking (MST) to classify strains of pathological bacteria and to characterise new bacterial organisms.

Hence, one phenotypic trait can be identified on the basis of the fatty acids present in the cytoplasmic and outer membranes.

Hence, the given statement is true.

many other transport proteins, often called pumps, move materials against a concentration gradient. active transport drives molecules across a membrane from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration. this process, shown in figure 5.1, uses transport proteins powered by chemi- cal energy.