Which is more luminous: a main-sequence A Star, or a white dwarf A star?

The development of_ factored in the development of complex organisms.

In addition to seeds, which of the following characteristics are unique to the seed-producing plants? a) sporopollenin b) lignin present in cell walls c) pollen d) use of air currents as a dispersal agent e) megaphylls

Could someone me with number one you