The human is able regulate blood sugar levels within a fairly specific range, even high amounts of carbohydrates are consumed

Humans are generally able to regulate blood sugar levels within a specific range by a process known as negative feedback.

When a high amount of carbohydrate is consumed, the sugar level in the blood rises, negative feedback acts to ensure that the pancreas produces insulin.

The insulin converts excess sugar to glycogen which is then stored in the body.

When the sugar level in the blood is low, the glycogen is converted back to sugar by another enzyme known as glucagon.

More on blood sugar regulation can be found here: link

Question options:

1. Homeostasis

2. Digestion

3. Embryology

4. Cellular respiration

1. Homeostasis

Explanation:

Sugar level in humans is regulated by "Insulin" and "glucagon" hormones that are secreted by the pancreas. Both hormones work in a balanced way to regulate the blood sugar level within a specific range if the sugar levels spike or drop.

Together, insulin and glucagon help maintain a state known as homeostasis. By definition, homeostasis is the maintenance of the internal environment of cell/body with respect to the external environment. Thus, homeostasis maintains a relatively stable state that persists despite changes in the world outside. When blood sugar is too high, the pancreas secretes more insulin which acts to trigger breakdown of sugar thus reducing its level. By contrast, when blood sugar levels drop, the pancreas releases glucagon to allow conversion of macromolecules to simple sugars and raise its level.